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The radial bone (lat. radius) is one of the two bones of the forearm. It belongs to the tubular bones and runs approximately parallel to the ulna. The spoke is located on the thumb side of the forearm.
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The radial bone (lat. radius) is one of the two bones of the forearm. It belongs to the tubular bones and runs approximately parallel to the ulna. The radius is located on the thumb side of the forearm.
  
 
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<div style="float:right;;"><segmenter-embedding wsemb_id="RadiusFrau" src="segmenter:GAH7wefkHLV9" height="300px" width="500px"/></div>
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<div class="segmenter"><segmenter-embedding public wsemb-id="RadiusFrau" file="RadiusFrau.seg" height="300px" width="500px"/></div>
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<ul>'''Adjoining structures'''<li class="mw-ui-button button_new">[[Special:MyLanguage/Oberarmknochen|Upper arm bone]]</li><li class="mw-ui-button button_new">[[Special:MyLanguage/Elle|ulna]]</li><li class="mw-ui-button button_new">[[Special:MyLanguage/Handknochen|hand bones]]</li><li class="mw-ui-button button_new">[[Special:MyLanguage/Handwurzelknochen|carpal bones]]</li></ul></div>
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<ul>'''Following structures'''<li class="mw-ui-button button_new">[[Special:MyLanguage/Oberarmknochen|Upper arm bone]]</li><li class="mw-ui-button button_new">[[Special:MyLanguage/Elle|ulna]]</li><li class="mw-ui-button button_new">[[Special:MyLanguage/Handknochen|hand bones]]</li><li class="mw-ui-button button_new">[[Special:MyLanguage/Handwurzelknochen|carpal bones]]</li></ul></div>
 
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<ul>'''Superordinate structures'''<li class="mw-ui-button button_new">[[Special:MyLanguage/Unterarmknochen|Forearm bones]]</li><li class="mw-ui-button button_new">[[Special:MyLanguage/Knochen Obere Extremität|Bones upper extremity]]</li><li class="mw-ui-button button_new">[[Special:MyLanguage/Obere Extremität|Upper extremity]]</li><li class="mw-ui-button button_new">[[Special:MyLanguage/Körperregionen|Body regions]]</li></ul></div>
 
<ul>'''Superordinate structures'''<li class="mw-ui-button button_new">[[Special:MyLanguage/Unterarmknochen|Forearm bones]]</li><li class="mw-ui-button button_new">[[Special:MyLanguage/Knochen Obere Extremität|Bones upper extremity]]</li><li class="mw-ui-button button_new">[[Special:MyLanguage/Obere Extremität|Upper extremity]]</li><li class="mw-ui-button button_new">[[Special:MyLanguage/Körperregionen|Body regions]]</li></ul></div>
  
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==Structure of the radius==
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== Anatomie==
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<lightbox-embedding src="file:RadiusDorsal.png" group="image-group-1" caption="View of the radius (dorsal)" width="400" height="300" style="width:300px;float:right;margin:1px;background-color:#fff;border:1px solid #c8ccd1;"/>
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<lightbox-embedding src="file:RadiusVentral.png" group="image-group-1" caption="View of the radius (Ventral)"/> <lightbox-embedding src="file:RadiusDistal.png" group="image-group-1" caption="Anatomy of the radius (ventral)"/> <lightbox-embedding src="file:RadiusProximal.png" group="image-group-1" caption="Anatomy of the distal articular surface of the radius"/>
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Views of the Radius</div>
 
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<lightbox-embedding src="file:RadiusVentralBeschriftet.png" group="image-group-1" caption="Anatomie des Radius (ventral)"/> <lightbox-embedding src="file:RadiusDistaleGelenkfläche.png" group="image-group-1" caption="Anatomie der distalen Gelenkfläche des Radius"/><lightbox-embedding src="file:RadiusProximaleGelenkfläche.png" group="image-group-1" caption="Anatomie der proximalen Gelenkfläche des Radius"/>
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<lightbox-embedding src="file:RadiusVentralBeschriftet.png" group="image-group-1" caption="Anatomy of the radius (ventral)"/> <lightbox-embedding src="file:RadiusDistaleGelenkfläche.png" group="image-group-1" caption="Anatomy of the distal articular surface of the radius"/><lightbox-embedding src="file:RadiusProximaleGelenkfläche.png" group="image-group-1" caption="Anatomy of the proximal articular surface of the radius"/>
 
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Anatomie des Radius</div>
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Anatomy of the radius</div>
 
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Die Speiche ist der etwas kräftiger ausgeprägte Unterarmknochen und liegt in etwa parallel zur Elle. Mit seiner langen, schmalen Form gehört er zu den Röhrenknochen. Man unterscheidet am Radius den Schaft (Corpus radii), eine Extremitas proximalis und eine Extremitas distalis.  
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The radius is the somewhat more strongly developed bone of the forearm and lies approximately parallel to the ulna. With its long, narrow shape it belongs to the tubular bones. The radius is divided into the shaft (Corpus radii), one extremity proximal and one extremity distal.  
  
===Proximales Ende===
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=== Proximal end===
An der Extremitas proximalis befindet sich das Caput radii mit der Fovea articularis. Die Fovea articularis ist eine tellerförmige Gelenkpfanne, die von der Circumferentia articularis umrahmt ist. An dieser Stelle besteht die Verbindung zum Humerus. Distal des Ulna-Kopfes befindet sich die Stelle mit dem geringsten Durchmesser, der Collum radii. Am Übergang zwischen Collum radii und Corpus radii liegt medial die Tuberositas radii.
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At the proximal extremity there is the caput radii with the fovea articularis. The fovea articularis is a plate-shaped socket, which is framed by the Circumferentia articularis. This is where the connection to the humerus is located. Distally of the head of the ulna is the place with the smallest diameter, the collum radii. At the transition between collum radii and corpus radii, the tuberosity radii is located medially.
  
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=== Radius shaft===
The radius can be divided into the shaft, <i>corpus radii</i> (1), one <i>extremitas proximalis</i> and one <i>extremitas distalis</i>. The <i>Caput radii</i> (2) with the <i>Fovea articularis</i> (3) is located at the <i>Extremitas proximalis</i>. Medially located at the transition between Collum radii (4) and Corpus radii is the <i>Tuberositas radii</i> (5).
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The profile of the corpus radii has an almost three-sided shape. The Margo interosseus is medially directed, at this edge the Membrana interossea antebrachii is attached. It is located between the anterior and posterior facies. The lateral facies has a roughness of varying degrees in the middle third of the shaft, the pronator tuberosity, which is where the pronator teres muscle comes in. The lateral facies is separated from the posterior facies by the posterior margo.
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===Distal end===
[[File:Radius.png|600px|right|Radius]]
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At the distal end (distal extremity) there is a bony protrusion, the stylus process (Processus styloideus radii). This is where the brachioradialis muscle begins. The distal end is thicker in its entirety than the shaft of the radius.
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On the medial side of the distal end is a notch, the incisura ulnaris. It is there for the head of the ulna.
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The widening distal end of the radius has the articulation surface Facies articularis carpalis. The carpal bones border on it.
  
==Funktion==
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==Function==
Der Radius bildet zusammen mit der Ulna eine funktionelle Einheit. Die beiden Knochen bilden die knöcherne Grundstruktur des Unterarmes und geben ihm Stabilität. Der Radius ist zusammen mit der Elle an den Bewegungen des Unterarmes und der Hand beteiligt.
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The radius forms a functional unit together with the ulna. The two bones form the basic bony structure of the forearm and give it stability. Together with the ulna, the radius is involved in the movements of the forearm and the hand.
  
==Entwicklung==
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==Development==
Der Radius-Schaft beginnt bereits in der siebten Embryonalwoche mit der perichonralen Verknöcherung. Die distale Epiphyse dagegen wird bis zum zweiten Lebensjahr und die proximale sogar bis zum siebten Lebensjahr gebildet. Zwischen dem 14. und 17. Lebensjahres findet der vollständige Verschluss der Epiphysenfugen statt.
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The radius shaft begins perichondral ossification as early as the seventh week of embryonic development. The distal epiphysis, on the other hand, is formed by the second year of life and the proximal one even by the seventh year of life. Between the ages of 14 and 17, complete closure of the epiphyseal fugues takes place.
  
==Erkrankungen==
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==Diseases==
* [[Special:MyLanguage/Radiusfraktur|Radiusfraktur]]
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* [[Special:MyLanguage/Radiusfraktur|Fracture of the radius]]
  
==Freie Exploration==
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==Free exploration==
<div style="float:left;margin-right:1em;"><segmenter-embedding wsemb_id="RadiusFrau" src="segmenter:GAH7wefkHLV9" height="300px" width="500px"/></div>
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<div style="float:left;margin-right:1em;"><segmenter-embedding public wsemb-id="RadiusFrau" file="RadiusFrau.seg" height="300px" width="500px"/></div>
  
<div style="float:left;width:50%">Schauen Sie sich die Struktur der Speiche in 3D an und explorieren Sie sie frei. Danach können Sie Ihr erlerntes Wissen durch die Übungsaufgaben überprüfen.</div>
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<div style="float:left;width:50%">Look at the structure of the radial bone in 3D and explore it freely. Afterwards you can test your acquired knowledge by the exercises.</div>
 
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<ul class="center"> <li class="mw-ui-button button_new" >[[Special:MyLanguage/Übungsaufgaben|ÜBUNGSAUFGABEN]]</li></ul></div>
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<ul class="center"> <li class="mw-ui-button button_new" >[[Special:MyLanguage/Übungsaufgaben|Exercises]]</li></ul></div>
 
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<ul>'''Weitere Artikel:'''<li class="mw-ui-button button_new" >[[Special:MyLanguage/Tibia|TIBIA]]</li><li class="mw-ui-button button_new" >[[Special:MyLanguage/Schlüsselbein|SCHLÜSSELBEIN]]</li></ul>
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<ul>'''More articles::'''<li class="mw-ui-button button_new" >[[Special:MyLanguage/Tibia|TIBIA]]</li><li class="mw-ui-button button_new" >[[Special:MyLanguage/Schlüsselbein|Clavicle]]</li></ul>
 
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<ul>'''Weiterführende Links:'''<li class="mw-ui-button button_new">[https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radius_(Anatomie) WIKIPEDIA - RADIUS]</li></ul>
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<ul>'''Further links:'''<li class="mw-ui-button button_new">[https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radius_(Anatomie) WIKIPEDIA - RADIUS]</li></ul>
 
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[[Category:Unterarmknochen/en]]
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[[Category:Knochen Obere Extremität/en]]
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[[Category:Obere Extremität/en]]
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[[Category:Körperregionen/en]]
 
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Aktuelle Version vom 10. Mai 2022, 12:29 Uhr

The radial bone (lat. radius) is one of the two bones of the forearm. It belongs to the tubular bones and runs approximately parallel to the ulna. The radius is located on the thumb side of the forearm.


Anatomie

Views of the Radius

Anatomy of the radius

The radius is the somewhat more strongly developed bone of the forearm and lies approximately parallel to the ulna. With its long, narrow shape it belongs to the tubular bones. The radius is divided into the shaft (Corpus radii), one extremity proximal and one extremity distal.

Proximal end

At the proximal extremity there is the caput radii with the fovea articularis. The fovea articularis is a plate-shaped socket, which is framed by the Circumferentia articularis. This is where the connection to the humerus is located. Distally of the head of the ulna is the place with the smallest diameter, the collum radii. At the transition between collum radii and corpus radii, the tuberosity radii is located medially.

Radius shaft

The profile of the corpus radii has an almost three-sided shape. The Margo interosseus is medially directed, at this edge the Membrana interossea antebrachii is attached. It is located between the anterior and posterior facies. The lateral facies has a roughness of varying degrees in the middle third of the shaft, the pronator tuberosity, which is where the pronator teres muscle comes in. The lateral facies is separated from the posterior facies by the posterior margo.

Distal end

At the distal end (distal extremity) there is a bony protrusion, the stylus process (Processus styloideus radii). This is where the brachioradialis muscle begins. The distal end is thicker in its entirety than the shaft of the radius. On the medial side of the distal end is a notch, the incisura ulnaris. It is there for the head of the ulna. The widening distal end of the radius has the articulation surface Facies articularis carpalis. The carpal bones border on it.

Function

The radius forms a functional unit together with the ulna. The two bones form the basic bony structure of the forearm and give it stability. Together with the ulna, the radius is involved in the movements of the forearm and the hand.

Development

The radius shaft begins perichondral ossification as early as the seventh week of embryonic development. The distal epiphysis, on the other hand, is formed by the second year of life and the proximal one even by the seventh year of life. Between the ages of 14 and 17, complete closure of the epiphyseal fugues takes place.

Diseases

Free exploration

Look at the structure of the radial bone in 3D and explore it freely. Afterwards you can test your acquired knowledge by the exercises.


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