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− | + | The kneecap (patella) is a flat, disc-like bone. It is the largest sesamoid bone in the body, which means it is completely embedded in a tendon. | |
+ | |||
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− | <div class="center"> <div class=" | + | <div class ="center"> |
− | <div | + | <div class="dropdown"> |
− | + | <div class="floatright" style="margin:0.4em;">[[File:PfeilDropdown.png|20px|link=|Exercises]]</div> | |
− | <div | + | <div class="dropbtnart">[[Special:MyLanguage/Übungsaufgaben|Exercises]]</div> |
− | <div | + | <div class="dropdown-content"> |
− | <div class=" | + | <div>[[Special:MyLanguage/Übungsaufgaben: Untere Extremität|Lower extremity]]</div> |
− | -- | + | <div>[[Special:MyLanguage/Übungsaufgabe: Kniescheibe|Patella]]</div> |
+ | </div> | ||
+ | </div> | ||
+ | </div> | ||
+ | </div> | ||
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+ | <div class="box"> | ||
+ | <div class="pic">__TOC__</div> | ||
+ | <div class="segmenter"><segmenter-embedding public wsemb-id="KniescheibeFrau" file="KniescheibeFrau.seg" height="300" width="400"/></div> | ||
+ | </div> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <div class="dropdown"> | ||
+ | <div class="floatright" style="margin:0.4em;">[[File:PfeilDropdown.png|20px|link=|Neighbouring structures]]</div> | ||
+ | <div class="dropbtnart">Neighbouring structures</div> | ||
+ | <div class="dropdown-content"> | ||
+ | <div>[[Special:MyLanguage/Oberschenkelknochen|Femur]]</div> | ||
+ | </div> | ||
+ | </div> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <div class="dropdown"> | ||
+ | <div class="floatright" style="margin:0.4em;">[[File:PfeilDropdown.png|20px|link=|Body regions]]</div> | ||
+ | <div class="dropbtnart">[[Special:MyLanguage/Körperregionen|Body regions]]</div> | ||
+ | <div class="dropdown-content"> | ||
+ | <div>[[Special:MyLanguage/Knochen Untere Extremität|Bones lower extremity]]</div> | ||
+ | <div>[[Special:MyLanguage/Untere Extremität|Lower extremity]]</div> | ||
+ | </div> | ||
</div> | </div> | ||
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+ | <div class="dropdown"> | ||
+ | <div class="floatright" style="margin:0.4em;">[[File:PfeilDropdown.png|20px|link=|Organ system]]</div> | ||
+ | <div class="dropbtnart">[[Special:MyLanguage/Organsystem|Organ system]]</div> | ||
+ | <div class="dropdown-content"> | ||
+ | <div>[[Special:MyLanguage/Sesambeine|Sesamoid bones]]</div> | ||
+ | <div>[[Special:MyLanguage/Knochen|Bones]]</div> | ||
+ | <div>[[Special:MyLanguage/Passiver Bewegungsapparat|Passive movement apparatus]]</div> | ||
+ | <div>[[Special:MyLanguage/Bewegungsapparat|Movement apparatus]]</div> | ||
+ | </div> | ||
+ | </div> | ||
---- | ---- | ||
− | == | + | ==Anatomy== |
<div class="thumb tright thumbinner"> | <div class="thumb tright thumbinner"> | ||
<div class="picture"> | <div class="picture"> | ||
− | <lightbox-embedding src="file:Kniescheibe1.png" group="image-group-1" caption=" | + | <lightbox-embedding src="file:Kniescheibe1.png" group="image-group-1" caption="View of the kneecap with the leg bones" width="400" height="300" style="width:300px; height:300px;float:left;margin:1px;background-color:#fff;border:1px solid #c8ccd1;display: flex;justify-content: center;"/> |
</div> | </div> | ||
<div class="gallery" style="margin-right:76px"> | <div class="gallery" style="margin-right:76px"> | ||
− | <lightbox-embedding src="file:Kniescheibe1.png" group="image-group-1" caption=" | + | <lightbox-embedding src="file:Kniescheibe1.png" group="image-group-1" caption="Patella (ventral)"/> <lightbox-embedding src="file:Kniescheibe2.png" group="image-group-1" caption="Kniescheibe (dorsal)"/> <lightbox-embedding src="file:Kniescheibe3.png" group="image-group-1" caption="Patella (kaudal)"/> |
</div> | </div> | ||
<div class="thumbcaption"> | <div class="thumbcaption"> | ||
− | + | Views of the kneecap</div> | |
</div> | </div> | ||
<div class="thumb tright thumbinner"> | <div class="thumb tright thumbinner"> | ||
<div class="picture"> | <div class="picture"> | ||
− | <lightbox-embedding src="file:KniescheibeBein.png" group="image-group-1" caption=" | + | <lightbox-embedding src="file:KniescheibeBein.png" group="image-group-1" caption="Anatomy of the kneecap with the leg bones" width="400" height="300" style="width:300px; height:300px;float:left;margin:1px;background-color:#fff;border:1px solid #c8ccd1;display: flex;justify-content: center;"/> |
</div> | </div> | ||
<div class="gallery" style="margin-right:76px"> | <div class="gallery" style="margin-right:76px"> | ||
− | <lightbox-embedding src="file:KniescheibeBeschriftet1.png" group="image-group-1" caption=" | + | <lightbox-embedding src="file:KniescheibeBeschriftet1.png" group="image-group-1" caption="Kneecap (ventral)"/> <lightbox-embedding src="file:KniescheibeBeschriftet2.png" group="image-group-1" caption="Kneecap (dorsal)"/> <lightbox-embedding src="file:KniescheibeBeschriftet3.png" group="image-group-1" caption="Kneecap (kaudal)"/> |
</div> | </div> | ||
<div class="thumbcaption"> | <div class="thumbcaption"> | ||
− | + | Anatomy of the patella</div> | |
</div> | </div> | ||
− | + | The kneecap is located in front of the knee joint. It is a flat bone with several edges and surfaces. | |
+ | |||
+ | The front side is called facies anterior. It has a convex curvature and is completely covered by the tendon of the musculus quadriceps femoris. The facies posterior is divided into two halves by a depression (sulcus intercondylaris). The lateral side is wider than the medial side. The angle between the two halves varies, but is usually between 120° and 140°. Two thirds of the posterior surface is covered with articular cartilage. | ||
− | + | The upper edge of the patella is very strong and is called Margo superior. The inner margin (Margo medialis) thins out towards the distal side. The outer edge is called Margo lateralis and also becomes thinner as it progresses. The lower tip, which is formed between the outer and inner margin is called apex patellae. | |
− | + | ==Function== | |
+ | The kneecap is used to transmit the force from the thigh. The kneecap increases the distance to the centre of rotation, resulting in a saving of force. The cartilage layer reduces the sliding resistance of the patella tendon. Furthermore, the patella takes over a protective function for the thigh bone. When stretching, the kneecap performs a movement of 8-10 cm above the thigh bone. | ||
− | == | + | ==Free exploration== |
− | + | <div style="float:left;margin-right:1em;"><segmenter-embedding public wsemb-id="KniescheibeFrau" file="KniescheibeFrau.seg" height="300" width="400"/></div> | |
− | |||
− | <div style="float:left;margin-right:1em;"><segmenter-embedding | ||
− | <div style="float:left;width:50%"> | + | <div style="float:left;width:50%">Look at the structure of the patella in 3D and explore it freely. Afterwards you can check your acquired knowledge through the exercises.</div> |
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− | <div class=" | + | <div class="clear aufgaben" style="margin-bottom:1em;"> |
− | < | + | <div class="menu_item"> |
− | <div class=" | + | <li class="mw-ui-button button_new" >[[Special:MyLanguage/Übungsaufgaben|Exercises]]</li> |
− | < | + | </div> |
+ | </div> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <div class="clear aufgaben"> | ||
+ | <div class="menu_item"> | ||
+ | <li class="button_article"><b>Further article</b></li> | ||
</div> | </div> | ||
− | <div class=" | + | |
− | + | <div class="menu_item"> | |
+ | <li class="mw-ui-button button_normal">[[Special:MyLanguage/Oberarmknochen|Humerus]]</li> | ||
</div> | </div> | ||
+ | <div class="menu_item"> | ||
+ | <li class="mw-ui-button button_normal">[[Special:MyLanguage/Fußknochen|Foot bones]]</li> | ||
+ | </div> | ||
+ | </div> | ||
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<languages/> | <languages/> | ||
− | + | [[Category:Bones Lower Extremity]] | |
− | [[Category: | + | [[Category:Lower Extremity]] |
− | [[Category: | + | [[Category:Body regions]] |
− | [[Category: |
Aktuelle Version vom 11. Mai 2022, 07:49 Uhr
The kneecap (patella) is a flat, disc-like bone. It is the largest sesamoid bone in the body, which means it is completely embedded in a tendon.
Inhaltsverzeichnis
Anatomy
The kneecap is located in front of the knee joint. It is a flat bone with several edges and surfaces.
The front side is called facies anterior. It has a convex curvature and is completely covered by the tendon of the musculus quadriceps femoris. The facies posterior is divided into two halves by a depression (sulcus intercondylaris). The lateral side is wider than the medial side. The angle between the two halves varies, but is usually between 120° and 140°. Two thirds of the posterior surface is covered with articular cartilage.
The upper edge of the patella is very strong and is called Margo superior. The inner margin (Margo medialis) thins out towards the distal side. The outer edge is called Margo lateralis and also becomes thinner as it progresses. The lower tip, which is formed between the outer and inner margin is called apex patellae.
Function
The kneecap is used to transmit the force from the thigh. The kneecap increases the distance to the centre of rotation, resulting in a saving of force. The cartilage layer reduces the sliding resistance of the patella tendon. Furthermore, the patella takes over a protective function for the thigh bone. When stretching, the kneecap performs a movement of 8-10 cm above the thigh bone.