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The kneecap (patella) is a flat, disc-like bone. It is the largest sesamoid bone in the body, which means it is completely embedded in a tendon.
 
The kneecap (patella) is a flat, disc-like bone. It is the largest sesamoid bone in the body, which means it is completely embedded in a tendon.
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<div class="dropbtnart">[[Special:MyLanguage/Übungsaufgaben|Exercises]]</div>
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<div style="float:right;;"><segmenter-embedding wsemb_id="KniescheibeFrau" src="segmenter:M6mUfRZAzBaL" height="300px" width="500px"/></div>
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<div>[[Special:MyLanguage/Übungsaufgaben: Untere Extremität|Lower extremity]]</div>
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<div>[[Special:MyLanguage/Übungsaufgabe: Kniescheibe|Patella]]</div>
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<div class="segmenter"><segmenter-embedding public wsemb-id="KniescheibeFrau" file="KniescheibeFrau.seg" height="300" width="400"/></div>
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<div class="floatright" style="margin:0.4em;">[[File:PfeilDropdown.png|20px|link=|Neighbouring structures]]</div>
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<div>[[Special:MyLanguage/Oberschenkelknochen|Femur]]</div>
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<div class="floatright" style="margin:0.4em;">[[File:PfeilDropdown.png|20px|link=|Body regions]]</div>
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<div>[[Special:MyLanguage/Knochen Untere Extremität|Bones lower extremity]]</div>
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<ul>'''Adjacent structures:'''<li class="mw-ui-button button_new">[[Special:MyLanguage/Oberschenkelknochen|Femur]]</li></ul></div>
 
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<ul>'''Superordinate structures:'''<li class="mw-ui-button button_new">[[Special:MyLanguage/Knochen Untere Extremität|Bones lower extremity]]</li><li class="mw-ui-button button_new">[[Special:MyLanguage/Untere Extremität|Lower extremity]]</li><li class="mw-ui-button button_new">[[Special:MyLanguage/Körperregionen|Body regions]]</li></ul></div>
 
  
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<div class="floatright" style="margin:0.4em;">[[File:PfeilDropdown.png|20px|link=|Organ system]]</div>
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<div>[[Special:MyLanguage/Sesambeine|Sesamoid bones]]</div>
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==Anatomy==
 
==Anatomy==
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The kneecap is located in front of the knee joint. It is a flat bone with several edges and surfaces.
 
The kneecap is located in front of the knee joint. It is a flat bone with several edges and surfaces.
  
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Die Vorderseite wird als Facies anterior bezeichnet. Sie hat eine konvexe Biegung und wird komplett von der Sehne des Musculus quadriceps femoris bedeckt. Die Facies posterior wird durch eine Vertiefung in zwei Hälften geteilt (Sulcus intercondylaris). Dabei ist die laterale Seite breiter als die mediale. Der Winkel zwischen den beiden Hälften variiert, liegt aber in der Regel zwischen 120° und 140°. Zwei Drittel der Hinterfläche ist überzogen mit einem Gelenkknorpel.
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The front side is called facies anterior. It has a convex curvature and is completely covered by the tendon of the musculus quadriceps femoris. The facies posterior is divided into two halves by a depression (sulcus intercondylaris). The lateral side is wider than the medial side. The angle between the two halves varies, but is usually between 120° and 140°. Two thirds of the posterior surface is covered with articular cartilage.
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The upper edge of the patella is very strong and is called Margo superior. The inner margin (Margo medialis) thins out towards the distal side. The outer edge is called Margo lateralis and also becomes thinner as it progresses. The lower tip, which is formed between the outer and inner margin is called apex patellae.
  
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Die obere Kante der Kniescheibe ist sehr kräftig und wird als Margo superior bezeichnet. Der Innenrand (Margo medialis) verdünnt sich nach distal. Der äußere Rand heißt Margo lateralis und wird im Verlauf ebenfalls dünner. Die untere Spitze, die sich zwischen dem Außen- und dem Innenrand bildet nennt sich Apex patellae.
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==Function==
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The kneecap is used to transmit the force from the thigh. The kneecap increases the distance to the centre of rotation, resulting in a saving of force. The cartilage layer reduces the sliding resistance of the patella tendon. Furthermore, the patella takes over a protective function for the thigh bone. When stretching, the kneecap performs a movement of 8-10 cm above the thigh bone.
  
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==Funktion==
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==Free exploration==
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Die Kniescheibe dient zur Übertragung der Kraft aus dem Oberschenkel. Durch die Kniescheibe wird der Abstand zum Rotationszentrum vergrößert, sodass eine Kraftersparnis resultiert. Durch die Knorpelschicht wird der Gleitwiderstand der Patellasehne verringert. Des Weiteren übernimmt die Kniescheibe eine Schutzfunktion für den Oberschenkelknochen. Bei einer Streckung führt die Kniescheibe eine Bewegung von 8-10 cm über dem Oberschenkelknochen aus.
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<div style="float:left;margin-right:1em;"><segmenter-embedding public wsemb-id="KniescheibeFrau" file="KniescheibeFrau.seg" height="300" width="400"/></div>
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==Freie Exploration==
 
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<div style="float:left;margin-right:1em;"><segmenter-embedding wsemb_id="KniescheibeFrau" src="segmenter:M6mUfRZAzBaL" height="300px" width="500px"/></div>
 
  
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<div style="float:left;width:50%">Schauen Sie sich die Struktur der Kniescheibe in 3D an und explorieren Sie sie frei. Danach können Sie Ihr erlerntes Wissen durch die Übungsaufgaben überprüfen.</div>
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<div style="float:left;width:50%">Look at the structure of the patella in 3D and explore it freely. Afterwards you can check your acquired knowledge through the exercises.</div>
 
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<ul>'''Weitere Artikel:'''<li class="mw-ui-button button_new" >[[Special:MyLanguage/Oberarmknochen|OBERARMKNOcHEN]]</li><li class="mw-ui-button button_new" >[[Special:MyLanguage/Fußknochen|FUSSKNOCHEN]]</li></ul>
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<ul>'''Weiterführende Links:'''<li class="mw-ui-button button_new">[https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oberschenkelknochen WIKIPEDIA - OBERSCHENKELKNOCHEN]</li></ul>
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[[Category:Bones Lower Extremity]]
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[[Category:Knochen Untere Extremität]]
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[[Category:Körperregionen]]
 

Aktuelle Version vom 11. Mai 2022, 07:49 Uhr

The kneecap (patella) is a flat, disc-like bone. It is the largest sesamoid bone in the body, which means it is completely embedded in a tendon.

Exercises
Exercises
Neighbouring structures
Neighbouring structures
Body regions
Body regions
Organ system
Organ system

Anatomy

Views of the kneecap

Anatomy of the patella

The kneecap is located in front of the knee joint. It is a flat bone with several edges and surfaces.

The front side is called facies anterior. It has a convex curvature and is completely covered by the tendon of the musculus quadriceps femoris. The facies posterior is divided into two halves by a depression (sulcus intercondylaris). The lateral side is wider than the medial side. The angle between the two halves varies, but is usually between 120° and 140°. Two thirds of the posterior surface is covered with articular cartilage.

The upper edge of the patella is very strong and is called Margo superior. The inner margin (Margo medialis) thins out towards the distal side. The outer edge is called Margo lateralis and also becomes thinner as it progresses. The lower tip, which is formed between the outer and inner margin is called apex patellae.

Function

The kneecap is used to transmit the force from the thigh. The kneecap increases the distance to the centre of rotation, resulting in a saving of force. The cartilage layer reduces the sliding resistance of the patella tendon. Furthermore, the patella takes over a protective function for the thigh bone. When stretching, the kneecap performs a movement of 8-10 cm above the thigh bone.

Free exploration

Look at the structure of the patella in 3D and explore it freely. Afterwards you can check your acquired knowledge through the exercises.
  • Exercises
  • Further article
  • Humerus
  • Foot bones
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