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The lateral tract is made up of a complex of long muscles. A distinction is made between the <b>saccrospinal</b> (m. iliocostalis and m. longissimus), spinotransversal (mm. intertransversarii and levatores costarum) and intertransversal (mm. intertransversarii and levatores costarum) system.
  
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==General information==
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<div class="floatright" style="margin:0.4em;">[[File:PfeilDropdown.png|20px|link=|Exercises]]</div>
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<div>[[Special:MyLanguage/Übungsaufgabe: Rückenmuskulatur - lateraler Trakt|Back muscles - lateral]]</div>
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The lateral tract is made up of a complex of long muscles. A distinction is made between the <b>saccrospinal </b> (<i>M. iliocostalis</i> and <i>M. longissimus</i>), <b>spinotransversal </b> (<i>Mm. intertransversarii</i> and <i>levatores costarum</i>) and <b>intertransversals</b> (<i>Mm. intertransversarii</i> and <i>levatores costarum</i>) <b>System</b>.
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<div class="pic">__TOC__</div>
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<div class="segmenter"><segmenter-embedding wsemb_id="Rückenmuskelnlateralertrakt" file="Rückenmuskelnlateralertrakt.seg" height="300" width="400"/></div>
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<i>A schematic drawing of the muscles (M. iliocostalis, M. longissimus etc.) can be displayed by clicking on the respective name in the "WebViewer".</i>  
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<br>
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<div class="floatright" style="margin:0.4em;">[[File:PfeilDropdown.png|20px|link=|Neighbouring structures]]</div>
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<div class="dropbtnart">Neighbouring structures</div>
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<div>[[Special:MyLanguage/Rückenmuskulatur - medialer Trakt|Mediale tract]]</div>
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<div>[[Special:MyLanguage/Wirbelsäule|Spine]]</div>
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<div>[[Special:MyLanguage/Rippen|Ribs]]</div>
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<div class="floatright" style="margin:0.4em;">[[File:PfeilDropdown.png|20px|link=|Body regions]]</div>
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<div>[[Special:MyLanguage/Rückenmuskulatur|Back muscles]]</div>
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<div>[[Special:MyLanguage/Rumpf|Trunk]]
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==Sacrospinal System==
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<div class="floatright" style="margin:0.4em;">[[File:PfeilDropdown.png|20px|link=|Organ system]]</div>
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<div>[[Special:MyLanguage/Muskeln|Muscles]]</div>
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<div>[[Special:MyLanguage/Aktiver Bewegungsapparat|Active movement apparatus]]</div>
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<div>[[Special:MyLanguage/Bewegungsapparat|Movement apparatus]]</div>
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==Sacrospinal System==  
 
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<td><b>origin</b></td>
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<td><b>Origin</b></td>
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<td>1) <i>M. iliocostalis lumborum</i>: <i>Fascia thoracolumbalis</i>, <i>Os sacrum</i>, <i>Crista iliaca</i><br>2) <i>M. iliocostalis thoracis</i>: 7th-12th rib<br>3) <i>M. iliocostalis cervicis</i>: 3rd-7th rib</td>
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<td>1) M. iliocostalis lumborum: fascia thoracolumbalis, os sacrum, crista iliaca<br>2) M. iliocostalis thoracis: 7th-12th rib<br>3) M. iliocostalis cervicis: 3rd-7th rib</td>
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<td>4) <i>M. longissimus thoracis</i>: spinous processes of the lumbar spine, transverse processes of the lower section of the thoracic spine, <i>Os sacrum</i>, <i>Crista iliaca</i><br>5) <i>M. longissimus cervicis</i>: 1st-6th thoracic vertebrae (transverse processes)<br>6) <i>M. longissimus capitis</i>: 1st-3rd thoracic vertebrae (transverse processes) and 4th-7th cervical vertebrae (transverse and articular processes)</td>
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<td>4) M. longissimus thoracis: spinous processes of the lumbar spine, transverse processes of the lower section of the thoracic spine, os sacrum, crista iliaca<br>5) M. longissimus cervicis: 1st-6th thoracic vertebrae (transverse processes)<br>6) M. longissimus capitis: 1st-3rd thoracic vertebrae (transverse processes) and 4th-7th cervical vertebrae (transverse and articular processes)</td>
 
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<td><b>insertion</b></td>
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<td><b>Insertion</b></td>
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<td>1) 6th-12th rib, transverse processes of the upper lumbar spine, <i>Fascia thoracolumbalis</i><br>2) 1st-6th rib<br>3) 4th-6th cervical vertebrae (transverse processes)</td>
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<td>1) 6th-12th rib, transverse processes of the upper lumbar spine, fascia thoracolumbalis<br>2) 1st-6th rib<br>3) 4th-6th cervical vertebrae (transverse processes)</td>
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<td>4) 2th-12th rib, transverse processes of the thoracic spine, rib processes of the lumbar spine<br>5) 2nd-5th cervical vertebrae (transverse processes)<br>6) Wart process (<i>Proc. mastoideus</i>) of the temporal bone (<i>Os temporale</i>)</td>
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<td>4) 2th-12th rib, transverse processes of the thoracic spine, rib processes of the lumbar spine<br>5) 2nd-5th cervical vertebrae (transverse processes)<br>6) Wart process (proc. mastoideus) of the temporal bone (os temporale)</td>
 
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<td><b>function</b></td>
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<td><b>Function</b></td>
 
<td>In case of one-sided contraction these muscles cause lateral flexion on the same side of the body (ipsilateral), in case of bilateral activation dorsal extension.</td>
 
<td>In case of one-sided contraction these muscles cause lateral flexion on the same side of the body (ipsilateral), in case of bilateral activation dorsal extension.</td>
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<td>The <i>M. longissimus</i> additionally causes a rotation of the head to the ipsilateral side.</td>
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<td>The m. longissimus additionally causes a rotation of the head to the ipsilateral side.</td>
 
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<td><b>Innervation</b></td>
 
<td><b>Innervation</b></td>
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<td>laterale Zweige der <i>Rami posteriores</i> der Spinalnerven (C8-L1)</td>
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<td>lateral branches of the rami posteriores spinal nerves (C8-L1)</td>
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<td>laterale Zweige der <i>Rami posteriores</i> der Spinalnerven (C1-L5)</td>
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<td>lateral branches of the rami posteriores spinal nerves (C1-L5)</td>
 
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==Spinotransverse and intertransverse system==
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==Spinotransversales und intertransversales System==
 
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<td><b>Ursprung</b></td>
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<td><b>Origin</b></td>
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<td>7) <i>M. splenius cervicis</i>: 3.-6. Brustwirbel (Dornfortsätze)<br>8) <i>M. splenius capitis</i>: 3. Hals- bis 3. Brustwirbel (Dornfortsätze)</td>
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<td>7) M. splenius cervicis: 3rd-6th thoracic vertebra (spinous processes)<br>8) M. splenius capitis: 3rd cervical to 3rd thoracic vertebra (spinous processes)</td>
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<td>9) <i>Mm. intertransversarii mediales lumborum</i>: zwischen anliegenden <i>Procc. mamillares</i> der Lendenwirbelsäule<br>10) <i>Mm. intertransversarii laterales lumborum</i>: zwischen anliegenden <i>Procc. costales</i> der Lendenwirbelsäule<br>11) <i>Mm. intertransversarii posteriores cervicis</i>: zwischen anliegenden <i>Tubercula posteriora</i> des 2.-7. Halswirbels</td>
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<td>9) Mm. intertransversarii mediales lumborum: between adjacent procc. mamillares of the lumbar spine<br>10) Mm. intertransversarii laterales lumborum: between adjacent procc. costales of the lumbar spine<br>11) Mm. intertransversarii posteriores cervicis</i>: between adjacent tubercula posteriora of the 2nd-7th cervical vertebra</td>
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<td>12) <i>Mm. intertransversarii costarum breves</i>: 7. Hals- und 1.-11. Brustwirbel (Querfortsätze)<br>13) <i>Mm. intertransversarii costarum longi</i>: 7. Hals- und 1.-11. Brustwirbel (Querfortsätze)</td>
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<td>12) Mm. intertransversarii costarum breves: 7. Hals- und 1.-11. Brustwirbel (Querfortsätze)<br>13) Mm. intertransversarii costarum longi: 7th cervical and 1st-11th thoracic vertebrae (transverse processes)</td>
 
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<td><b>Ansatz</b></td>
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<td><b>Insertion</b></td>
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<td>7) 1. und 2. Halswirbel (Dornfortsätze)<br>8) <i>Proc. mastoideus</i>, obere Nackenlinie (laterale <i>Linea nuchalis</i></td>
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<td>7) 1st and 2nd cervical vertebrae (spinous processes)<br>8) Proc. mastoideus, upper cervical line (lateral Linea nuchalis</td>)
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<td>9) bis 11) Ansätze und Ursprünge sind deckungsgleich</td>
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<td>9) to 11) insertion and origins are congruent</td>
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<td>12) Rippenwinkel (<i>Angulus costae</i>) der darunterliegenden Rippe<br>13) Rippenwinkel (<i>Angulus costae</i>) der übernächsten Rippe </td>
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<td>12) Rib angle (Angulus costae) of the underlying rib<br>13) Rib angle (Angulus costae) of the next but one rib </td>
 
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<td><b>Funktion</b></td>
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<td><b>Function</b></td>
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<td>Bei beidseitiger Aktivierung bewirken diese Muskeln eine Dorsalextension der Halswirbelsäule, bei einseitiger Kontraktion Rotation und ipsilaterale Lateralflexion.</td>
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<td>In case of bilateral activation these muscles cause a dorsal extension of the cervical spine, in case of one-sided contraction rotation and ipsilateral lateral flexion.</td>
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<td>Die einseitige Aktivierung dieser Muskeln führt zur Lateralflexion der Lenden- und Halswirbelsäule, die beidseitige Kontraktion zur Stabilisierung und Dorsalextension der Lenden- und Halswirbelsäule</td>
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<td>One-sided activation of these muscles leads to lateral flexion of the lumbar and cervical spine, bilateral contraction to stabilization and dorsal extension of the lumbar and cervical spine</td>
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<td>Die beidseitige Kontraktion bewirkt eine Dorsalextension der Brustwirbelsäule, die einseitige eine ipsilaterale Flexion und kontralaterale Rotation.</td>
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<td>Both-sided contraction causes dorsal extension of the thoracic spine, one-sided contraction causes ipsilateral flexion and contralateral rotation.</td>
 
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<td><b>Innervation</b></td>
 
<td><b>Innervation</b></td>
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<td>laterale Zweige der <i>Rami posteriores</i> der Spinalnerven (C1-C6)</td>
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<td>lateral branches of the rami posteriores spinal nerves (C1-C6)</td>
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<td>laterale Zweige der <i>Rami posteriores</i> und dem entsprechenden Rückenmarkssegment</td>
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<td>lateral branches of the rami posteriores and the corresponding spinal cord segment</td>
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<td><i>Rami posteriores</i> der Spinalnerven</td>
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<td>rami posteriores spinal nerves</td>
 
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==Free exploration==
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<div style="float:left;margin-right:1em;"><segmenter-embedding wsemb_id="Rückenmuskelnlateralertrakt" file="Rückenmuskelnlateralertrakt.seg" height="300" width="400"/></div>
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<div style="float:left;width:50%">Look at the location of the back muscles in 3D and explore them freely. Afterwards, you can check your learned knowledge through the exercise tasks.</div>
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<languages/>
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[[Category:Musculature]]
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[[Category:Trunk]]
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[[Category:Body regions]]

Aktuelle Version vom 4. Februar 2021, 07:51 Uhr

The lateral tract is made up of a complex of long muscles. A distinction is made between the saccrospinal (m. iliocostalis and m. longissimus), spinotransversal (mm. intertransversarii and levatores costarum) and intertransversal (mm. intertransversarii and levatores costarum) system.

Exercises
Exercises
Neighbouring structures
Neighbouring structures
Body regions
Body regions
Organ system
Organ system

Sacrospinal System

M. iliocostalis M. longissimus
Origin 1) M. iliocostalis lumborum: fascia thoracolumbalis, os sacrum, crista iliaca
2) M. iliocostalis thoracis: 7th-12th rib
3) M. iliocostalis cervicis: 3rd-7th rib		 4) M. longissimus thoracis: spinous processes of the lumbar spine, transverse processes of the lower section of the thoracic spine, os sacrum, crista iliaca
5) M. longissimus cervicis: 1st-6th thoracic vertebrae (transverse processes)
6) M. longissimus capitis: 1st-3rd thoracic vertebrae (transverse processes) and 4th-7th cervical vertebrae (transverse and articular processes)
Insertion 1) 6th-12th rib, transverse processes of the upper lumbar spine, fascia thoracolumbalis
2) 1st-6th rib
3) 4th-6th cervical vertebrae (transverse processes)		 4) 2th-12th rib, transverse processes of the thoracic spine, rib processes of the lumbar spine
5) 2nd-5th cervical vertebrae (transverse processes)
6) Wart process (proc. mastoideus) of the temporal bone (os temporale)
Function In case of one-sided contraction these muscles cause lateral flexion on the same side of the body (ipsilateral), in case of bilateral activation dorsal extension. The m. longissimus additionally causes a rotation of the head to the ipsilateral side.
Innervation lateral branches of the rami posteriores spinal nerves (C8-L1) lateral branches of the rami posteriores spinal nerves (C1-L5)


Spinotransverse and intertransverse system

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M. splenius Mm. intertransversarii Mm. levatores costarum
Origin 7) M. splenius cervicis: 3rd-6th thoracic vertebra (spinous processes)
8) M. splenius capitis: 3rd cervical to 3rd thoracic vertebra (spinous processes)		 9) Mm. intertransversarii mediales lumborum: between adjacent procc. mamillares of the lumbar spine
10) Mm. intertransversarii laterales lumborum: between adjacent procc. costales of the lumbar spine
11) Mm. intertransversarii posteriores cervicis: between adjacent tubercula posteriora of the 2nd-7th cervical vertebra		 12) Mm. intertransversarii costarum breves: 7. Hals- und 1.-11. Brustwirbel (Querfortsätze)
13) Mm. intertransversarii costarum longi: 7th cervical and 1st-11th thoracic vertebrae (transverse processes)
Insertion 7) 1st and 2nd cervical vertebrae (spinous processes)
8) Proc. mastoideus, upper cervical line (lateral Linea nuchalis		9) to 11) insertion and origins are congruent 12) Rib angle (Angulus costae) of the underlying rib
13) Rib angle (Angulus costae) of the next but one rib
Function In case of bilateral activation these muscles cause a dorsal extension of the cervical spine, in case of one-sided contraction rotation and ipsilateral lateral flexion. One-sided activation of these muscles leads to lateral flexion of the lumbar and cervical spine, bilateral contraction to stabilization and dorsal extension of the lumbar and cervical spine Both-sided contraction causes dorsal extension of the thoracic spine, one-sided contraction causes ipsilateral flexion and contralateral rotation.
Innervation lateral branches of the rami posteriores spinal nerves (C1-C6) lateral branches of the rami posteriores and the corresponding spinal cord segment rami posteriores spinal nerves

Free exploration

Look at the location of the back muscles in 3D and explore them freely. Afterwards, you can check your learned knowledge through the exercise tasks.
  • Exercises
  • Further article
  • Abdominal wall muscles
  • Bones trunk
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