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The spleen (lat. Lien; Greek: Splen) is an organ of the lymphatic system. The white blood cells are multiplied in it, which means that the spleen is involved in the defense against foreign substances. Furthermore, the spleen secretes overaged red blood cells. It also serves as a storage place for monocytes.
  
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==Aufbau der Milz (Splen)==
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<div class="floatright" style="margin:0.4em;">[[File:PfeilDropdown.png|20px|link=|Exercises]]</div>
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<div class="dropbtnart">[[Special:MyLanguage/Übungsaufgaben|Exercises]]</div>
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<div>[[Special:MyLanguage/Übungsaufgaben: Abdomen und Becken|Abdomen and pelvis]]</div>
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<div>[[Special:MyLanguage/Übungsaufgabe: Milz|Spleen]]</div>
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| <!--[segmenter_snapshot splen 0]-->Sicht auf Facies costalis<!--[/]--> | <!--[segmenter_snapshot splen 1]-->Sicht auf Facies visceralis<!--[/]--> |
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<div class="pic">__TOC__</div>
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<br>
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<div class="segmenter"><segmenter-embedding public wsemb_id="Milz" file="Milz.seg" height="300" width="400"/></div>
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<segmenter>https://dornheim.cloud/index.php/apps/segmenter/embedding/view?identifier=hHyjjNIiVFKb</segmenter>
 
 
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Die Milz liegt intraperitoneal im linken Oberbauch. Zwischen den starken Bindegewebsfäden die ins Innere des Organs verlaufen, liegt eine von Fibroblasten gebildete Anordnung aus retikulärem Bindegewebe (Milzpulpa). Die Milzpulpa wird in die rote und weiße Pulpa unterteilt. Die Form der Milz ist sehr variabel. Allerdings ist sie von einer relativ festen, bindegewebigen Kapsel umgeben, weshalb ihre äußere Form recht konstant ist und an eine Kaffeebohne erinnert. Sie ist etwa 7 cm breit, 4 cm hoch und 11 cm lang. <br>
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Die rote Pulpa ist am lebenden Organ stark durchblutet (hohe Anzahl an Erythrozyten), daher resultieren auch Bezeichnung und Farbe. Sie macht den größten Teil des Parenchyms aus. <br>
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<div class="floatright" style="margin:0.4em;">[[File:PfeilDropdown.png|20px|link=|Neighbouring structures]]</div>
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Die weiße Pulpa enthält hingegen Lymphozyten und ist damit Teil des lymphatischen Systems. Sie haben die Aufgabe der immunologischen Abwehrreaktion.
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<div class="dropbtnart">Neighbouring structures</div>
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<div>[[Special:MyLanguage/Magen|Stomach]]</div>
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<div>[[Special:MyLanguage/Lunge|Lung]]</div>
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<div>[[Special:MyLanguage/Rippen|Rips]]</div>
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<h2>Projektion der Milz auf den Rumpf</h2>
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[[File:Lage_milz.png|300px|right|Milz: Lage der Milz im Rumpf]]
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<div class="floatright" style="margin:0.4em;">[[File:PfeilDropdown.png|20px|link=|Body regions]]</div>
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Die Milz liegt im linken Oberbauch und ist im gesunden, normalen Zustand nicht tastbar. Da sie nicht mit dem Zwerchfell verwachsen ist, wie die Leber, ist ihre Lage stark atemabhängig. Sie liegt unter dem Zwerchfell und ist damit direkt von den Bewegungen des Diaphragmas betroffen.
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<div class="dropbtnart">[[Special:MyLanguage/Körperregionen|Body regions]]</div>
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<div>[[Special:MyLanguage/Organe Abdomen und Becken|Organs abdomen and pelvis]]</div>
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<div>[[Special:MyLanguage/Innere Organe|Inner organs]]</div>
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<div>[[Special:MyLanguage/Rumpf|Trunk]]</div>
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<div class="floatright" style="margin:0.4em;">[[File:PfeilDropdown.png|20px|link=|Organ system]]</div>
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<div class="dropbtnart">[[Special:MyLanguage/Organsystem|Organ system]]</div>
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<div>[[Special:MyLanguage/Lymphatische Organe|Lymphatic organs]]</div>
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<div>[[Special:MyLanguage/Lymphatisches System|Lymphatic system]]</div>
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==Anatomy (Splen)==
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The spleen lies intraperitoneally in the left upper abdomen. Between the strong connective tissue threads that run into the interior of the organ lies an arrangement of reticular connective tissue formed by fibroblasts (splenic pulp). The splenic pulp is divided into the red and white pulp. The shape of the spleen is very variable. However, it is surrounded by a relatively solid, connective tissue capsule, which is why its outer shape is quite constant and reminiscent of a coffee bean. It is about 7 cm wide, 4 cm high and 11 cm long. <br>
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The red pulp is strongly supplied with blood in the living organ (high number of erythrocytes), hence the name and colour. It makes up the largest part of the parenchyma. <br>
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The white pulp, on the other hand, contains lymphocytes and is therefore part of the lymphatic system. They have the task of immunological defence reaction.
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<h2>Projection of the spleen onto the trunk</h2>
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<lightbox-embedding src="file:Lage_milz.png" group="image-group-1" caption="Spleen: Position of the spleen in the trunk" width="400" height="300" style="width:300px; height:300px;float:left;margin:1px;background-color:#fff;border:1px solid #c8ccd1;display: flex;justify-content: center;"/>
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Projection of the spleen onto the trunk</div>
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The spleen lies in the left upper abdomen and is not palpable in a healthy, normal condition. Since it has not grown together with the diaphragm, like the liver, its position is strongly dependent on breathing. It lies under the diaphragm and is therefore directly affected by the movements of the diaphragm.
 
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<h2>Lage der Milz im Horizontalschnitt</h2>
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<h2>Position of the spleen in horizontal incision</h2>
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[[File:milz_schnitt.png|390px|right|Milz: Schnitt der Milz]]
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Die Milz ist über Bauchfellduplikatoren verbunden mit der hinteren Leibeswand (<i>Lig. splenorenale</i>) und mit dem Magen (<i>Lig. gastrosplenicum</i>). Sie liegt in einer Nische. Die <i>Bursa omentalis</i> reicht mit der Ausbuchtung (<i>Recessus splenicus</i>) bis zur Milz.  
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<lightbox-embedding src="file:milz_schnitt.png" group="image-group-1" caption="Milz: Schnitt der Milz" width="400" height="300" style="width:300px; height:300px;float:left;margin:1px;background-color:#fff;border:1px solid #c8ccd1;display: flex;justify-content: center;"/>
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Spleen: Cut of the spleen</div>
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The spleen is connected via peritoneal duplicators to the posterior wall of the body (Lig. splenorenale) and to the stomach (Lig. gastrosplenicum). It lies in a niche. The Bursa omentalis extends with the bulge (Recessus splenicus) to the spleen.
 
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==Milz in situ==
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==Spleen in situ==
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The spleen is closely adjacent to the cauda pancreatis and the flexura coli sinistra. In the case of pathological enlargement, the spleen can press on the stomach and colon and cause severe pain. The spleen develops in the Omentum majus, which is a dorsal mesentery according to history. The rotation of the stomach shifts the spleen, which initially lies behind the intestinal tube, into the left upper abdomen.
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==Diseases==
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*[[Special:MyLanguage/Milzruptur|Rupture of the spleen]]
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*[[Special:MyLanguage/Milzabszess|Splenic abscess]]
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*[[Special:MyLanguage/Milzstauung|Splenic congestion]]
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==Free exploration==
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{{Tab2|Button1=Spleen|Button2=Spleen in situ
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|Segmenter1=<div class="seg"><segmenter-embedding public wsemb_id="splen" file="Milz.seg" height="300" width="500"/></div>
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<div class="seg1"><segmenter-embedding public wsemb_id="splenA" file="Milz_FrauA.seg" height="300" width="500"/></div>
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<div class="seg2"><segmenter-embedding public wsemb_id="splenB" file="Milz_FrauB.seg" height="300" width="500"/></div>
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|Inhalt1=<b>Spleen</b><br><div class="text">Look at the spleen in 3D and explore it freely. Afterwards, you can look at other cases or check your acquired knowledge through the exercises.</br><div class="btn_segmenter"><div class="btn_seg btn_active">[[File:Milz.png|100px|Case no.1|link=]]</div><div class="btn_seg1">[[File:Milz2.png|100px|Case no.2|link=]]</div><div class="btn_seg2">[[File:Milz3.png|100px|Case no.3|link=]]</div></div></div>
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|Segmenter2=<segmenter-embedding public wsemb_id="splenSitu" file="Milzinsitu.seg" height="300" width="500"/>
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|Inhalt2=<b>Spleen in situ </b></br>View the spleen in situ.}}
  
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<div style="float:right;margin:1em;"><segmenter>https://dornheim.cloud/index.php/apps/segmenter/embedding/view?identifier=4wc6AQMPUDuG</segmenter></div>
 
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Im <!--[segmenter_snapshot spleninsitu 0]-->"WebViewer"<!--[/]--> ist die enge Nachbarschaft der Milz zur <i>Cauda pancreatis</i> und zur <i>Flexura coli sinistra</i> zu erkennen. Bei einer krankhaften Vergrößerung, kann die Milz auf Magen und Colon drücken und starke Schmerzen verursachen. Die Milz entwickelt sich in dem <i>Omentum majus</i>, welches aus der Entwicklungsgeschichte hervorgehend ein dorsales Mesenterium ist. Durch die Magendrehung wird die anfänglich hinter dem Darmrohr liegende Milz in den linken Oberbauch verschoben.
 
  
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<li class="mw-ui-button button_new" >[[Special:MyLanguage/Übungsaufgaben|Exercises]]</li>
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<li class="button_article button_normal"><b>Further article</b></li>
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''weiterführende Links''
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<li class="mw-ui-button button_normal">[[Special:MyLanguage/Leber (Hepar)|Liver]]</li>
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<li class="mw-ui-button button_normal">[[Special:MyLanguage/Humerus|Upperarm bones]]</li>
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'''[[Special:MyLanguage/Übungsaufgaben|Übungsaufgaben]]'''
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[[Category:Organ system]]
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[[Category:Body regions]]
  
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[[Special:MyLanguage/Abdomen und Becken|zurück zur Übersicht "Abdomen und Becken"]]
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<languages/>

Aktuelle Version vom 13. Dezember 2021, 15:21 Uhr

The spleen (lat. Lien; Greek: Splen) is an organ of the lymphatic system. The white blood cells are multiplied in it, which means that the spleen is involved in the defense against foreign substances. Furthermore, the spleen secretes overaged red blood cells. It also serves as a storage place for monocytes.

Exercises
Exercises
Neighbouring structures
Neighbouring structures
Body regions
Body regions
Organ system
Organ system

Anatomy (Splen)

The spleen lies intraperitoneally in the left upper abdomen. Between the strong connective tissue threads that run into the interior of the organ lies an arrangement of reticular connective tissue formed by fibroblasts (splenic pulp). The splenic pulp is divided into the red and white pulp. The shape of the spleen is very variable. However, it is surrounded by a relatively solid, connective tissue capsule, which is why its outer shape is quite constant and reminiscent of a coffee bean. It is about 7 cm wide, 4 cm high and 11 cm long.
The red pulp is strongly supplied with blood in the living organ (high number of erythrocytes), hence the name and colour. It makes up the largest part of the parenchyma.
The white pulp, on the other hand, contains lymphocytes and is therefore part of the lymphatic system. They have the task of immunological defence reaction.


Projection of the spleen onto the trunk

Projection of the spleen onto the trunk

The spleen lies in the left upper abdomen and is not palpable in a healthy, normal condition. Since it has not grown together with the diaphragm, like the liver, its position is strongly dependent on breathing. It lies under the diaphragm and is therefore directly affected by the movements of the diaphragm.

Position of the spleen in horizontal incision

Spleen: Cut of the spleen

The spleen is connected via peritoneal duplicators to the posterior wall of the body (Lig. splenorenale) and to the stomach (Lig. gastrosplenicum). It lies in a niche. The Bursa omentalis extends with the bulge (Recessus splenicus) to the spleen.


Spleen in situ

The spleen is closely adjacent to the cauda pancreatis and the flexura coli sinistra. In the case of pathological enlargement, the spleen can press on the stomach and colon and cause severe pain. The spleen develops in the Omentum majus, which is a dorsal mesentery according to history. The rotation of the stomach shifts the spleen, which initially lies behind the intestinal tube, into the left upper abdomen.

Diseases

Free exploration

  • Spleen
  • Spleen in situ
Spleen
Look at the spleen in 3D and explore it freely. Afterwards, you can look at other cases or check your acquired knowledge through the exercises.
Case no.1
Case no.2
Case no.3
Spleen in situ
View the spleen in situ.


  • Exercises
  • Further article
  • Liver
  • Upperarm bones
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