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Das Hüftbein (Os coxae) ist Teil des Beckengürtels. Es lässt sich anatomisch in drei einzelne Knochen unterteilen: das Darmbein (Os ilium), das Sitzbein (Os ischii) und das Schambein (Os pubis). Beim Hüftbein liegen deutliche geschlechtsspezifische Unterschiede vor.
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The hip bone (Os coxae) is part of the pelvic girdle. It can be anatomically divided into three individual bones: the ilium (Os ilium), the ischium (Os ischii) and the pubic bone (Os pubis). There are clear gender-specific differences in the hip bone.
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{{ArticleMenu_en|Links Übungsaufgaben=[[Special:MyLanguage/Übungsaufgaben: Rumpf|Trunk]][[Special:MyLanguage/Übungsaufgaben: Untere Extremität|Lower extremity]][[Special:MyLanguage/Übungsaufgabe: Beckengürtel|Pelvic girdle]][[Special:MyLanguage/Übungsaufgabe: Hüftbein|Hip bone]]|
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Links Körperregionen=[[Special:MyLanguage/Beckengürtel|Pelvic girdle]][[Special:MyLanguage/Knochen Untere Extremität|Bones lower extremity]][[Special:MyLanguage/Untere Extremität|Lower extremity]]|
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Links Organsystem=[[Special:MyLanguage/Platte Knochen|Plate bones]][[Special:MyLanguage/Knochen|Bones]][[Special:MyLanguage/Passiver Bewegungsapparat|Passive movement apparatus]][[Special:MyLanguage/Bewegungsapparat|Movement apparatus]]}}
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<ul>'''Anschließende Strukturen:'''<li class="mw-ui-button button_new">[[Special:MyLanguage/Oberschenkelknochen|OBERSCHENKELKNOCHEN]]</li><li class="mw-ui-button button_new">[[Special:MyLanguage/Kreuz- und Steißbein|KREUZBEIN]]</li></ul>
 
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<ul>'''Übergeordnete Strukturen:'''<li class="mw-ui-button button_new">[[Special:MyLanguage/Beckengürtel|BECKENGÜRTEL]]</li><li class="mw-ui-button button_new">[[Special:MyLanguage/Knochen Untere Extremität|KNOCHEN UNTERE EXTREMITÄT]]</li><li class="mw-ui-button button_new">[[Special:MyLanguage/Untere Extremität|UNTERE EXTREMITÄT]]</li><li class="mw-ui-button button_new">[[Special:MyLanguage/Körperregionen|KÖRPERREGIONEN]]</li></ul>
 
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==Anatomie==
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==Anatomy==
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Bild 1=<lightbox-embedding src="file:OsCoxae1.png" group="image-group-1" caption="View of the hip bone (lateral)" width="400" height="300" style=""/>|
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Weitere Bilder=<lightbox-embedding src="file:OsCoxae2.png" group="image-group-1" caption="View of the hip bone (medial)"/> <lightbox-embedding src="file:OsCoxae3.png" group="image-group-1" caption="View of the hip bone (front)"/>
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|title=Views of the hip bone}}
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Bild 1=<lightbox-embedding src="file:OsCoxaeLateral.png" group="image-group-1" caption="Anatomy of the hip bone (lateral)" width="400" height="300" style=""/>|
<lightbox-embedding src="file:OsCoxae1.png" group="image-group-1" caption="Ansicht des Hüftbeins (lateral)" width="400" height="300" style="width:300px; height:300px;float:left;margin:1px;background-color:#fff;border:1px solid #c8ccd1;display: flex;justify-content: center;"/>
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Weitere Bilder=<lightbox-embedding src="file:Acetabulum.png" group="image-group-1" caption="Anatomy of the Acetabulum"/><lightbox-embedding src="file:OsCoxaeMedial.png" group="image-group-1" caption="Anatomy of the hip bone (medial)"/> <lightbox-embedding src="file:OsCoxaeVorne.png" group="image-group-1" caption="Anatomy of the hip bone (front)"/><lightbox-embedding src="file:EinteilungOsCoxae.png" group="image-group-1" caption="Individual bones of the hip bone (front)"/>
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|title=Anatomy of the hip bone}}
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<lightbox-embedding src="file:OsCoxae2.png" group="image-group-1" caption="Ansicht des Hüftbeins (medial)"/> <lightbox-embedding src="file:OsCoxae3.png" group="image-group-1" caption="Ansicht des Hüftbeins (vorne)"/>
 
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Ansichten des Hüftbeins</div>
 
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The hip bone is divided into three individual bone sections: the ilium (Os ilium), the ischium (Os ischii) and the pubic bone (Os pubis). These three form the Y-shaped bone joint of the hip bone. At the hip bone is the acetabulum, the socket of the hip joint. The right and left hip bone meet at the front. There the pubic symphysis (symphysis pubica) is formed.
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<lightbox-embedding src="file:OsCoxaeLateral.png" group="image-group-1" caption="Anatomie des Hüftbeins (lateral)" width="400" height="300" style="width:300px; height:300px;float:left;margin:1px;background-color:#fff;border:1px solid #c8ccd1;display: flex;justify-content: center;"/>
 
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<lightbox-embedding src="file:Acetabulum.png" group="image-group-1" caption="Anatomie des Acetabulum"/><lightbox-embedding src="file:OsCoxaeMedial.png" group="image-group-1" caption="Anatomie des Hüftbeins (medial)"/> <lightbox-embedding src="file:OsCoxaeVorne.png" group="image-group-1" caption="Anatomie des Hüftbeins (vorne)"/><lightbox-embedding src="file:EinteilungOsCoxae.png" group="image-group-1" caption="Einzelne Knochen des Hüftbeins(vorne)"/>
 
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Anatomie des Hüftbeins</div>
 
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Das Hüftbein teilt sich in drei einzelne Knochenabschnitte: das Darmbein (Os ilium), das Sitzbein (Os ischii) und das Schambein (Os pubis). Durch diese drei entsteht die Y-förmige Knochenfuge des Hüftbeins. Am Hüftbein befindet sich die Gelenkpfanne des Hüftgelenks, das Acetabulum. Das rechte und das linke Hüftbein treffen an der Vorderseite zusammen. Dort bildet sich die Schambeinfuge (Symphysis pubica).
 
  
  
===Darmbein===
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===Ilium===
  
Das Darmbein, oder auch Os ilium, stellt den größten Teil des Hüftbeins dar und befindet sich kranial. Es unterteilt sich in Darmbeinschaufel (Ala ossis ilii) und Darmbeinkörper (Corpus ossis ilii). Diese beiden Teile werden durch die Linea arcuata geteilt. Die Darmbeinschaufel besitzt eine äußere Fläche, die Facies glutealis, sowie eine innere Fläche, die Facies interna. Der kraniale Rand des Darmbeins liegt frei und heißt Crista iliaca. Diese Struktur zieht vom  oberen, vorderen Darmbeinstachel (Spina iliaca anterior superior) bis zum oberen, hinteren Darmbeinstachel (Spina iliaca posterior superior). Am hinteren Rand der Darmbeinschaufel befindet sich ein weiterer Knochenvorsprung, die Spina iliaca posterior inferior. Dieser liegt unterhalb der Spina iliaca posterior superior. Am vorderen Rand befindet sich ebenfalls ein weiterer Knochenvorsprung (Spina iliaca anterior inferios). Dieser befindet sich unter der Spina iliaca anterior superior. Das Darmbein bildet den kranialen Teil des Acetabulums.
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The ilium, or os ilium, represents the largest part of the hip bone and is located cranially. It is divided into iliac scoop (Ala ossis ilii) and iliac body (Corpus ossis ilii). These two parts are divided by the linea arcuata. The iliac crest has an outer surface, the facies glutealis, and an inner surface, the facies interna. The cranial edge of the ilium is exposed and is called the crista iliaca. This structure extends from the upper, front iliac spine (Spina iliaca anterior superior) to the upper, rear iliac spine (Spina iliaca posterior superior). At the rear edge of the iliac spine there is another bony protrusion, the spina iliaca posterior inferior. This lies below the spina iliaca posterior superior. At the anterior edge of the iliac crest there is also a further bony projection (spina iliaca anterior inferior). This is located below the spina iliaca anterior superior. The ilium forms the cranial part of the acetabulum.
  
  
===Sitzbein===
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===Ischium===
  
Das Sitzbein (Os ischii) wird in Sitzbeinast (Ramus ossis ischii) und Sitzbeinkörper (Corpus ossis ischii) unterteilt. Der Sitzbeinast stellt einen Teil der Begrenzung des Foramen obturatum dar. An der posterioren Seite des Sitzbeinastes befindet sich ein größer Sitzbeinhöcker, der Tuber ischiadicum. Am Sitzbeinkörper befindet sich der Sitzbeinstachel (Spina ischiadica). Durch ihn werden die Incisura ischiadica major und die Incisura ischiadica minor getrennt.
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The ischium (Os ischii) is divided into ischial branch (Ramus ossis ischii) and ischial body (Corpus ossis ischii). The ischial branch represents part of the boundary of the foramen obturatum. On the posterior side of the ischial branch there is a larger ischial tuberosity, the tuber ischiadicum. The ischial spine (spina ischiadica) is located on the ischial body. It separates the incisura ischiadica major and the incisura ischiadica minor.
  
  
===Schambein===
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===Pubic bone===
  
Das Schambein, auch Os pubis, wird in Schambeinkörper (Corpus ossis pubis) und oberen sowie unteren Schambeinast (Rami superius sowie inferius) geteilt. Durch die Schambeinäste wird das Foramen obturatum nach ventral und kaudal begrenzt. Der obere Schambeinast hat eine Beteiligung an der Bildung des Acetabulum. Die beiden Schambeinäste schließen den Schambeinwinkel (Angulus subpubicus) ein.
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The pubic bone, also called os pubis, is divided into the body of the pubic bone (Corpus ossis pubis) and the upper and lower pubic branch (Rami superius and inferius). The pubic bone branches limit the foramen obturatum ventrally and caudally. The upper pubic branch is involved in the formation of the acetabulum. The two branches of the pubic bone include the angle of the pubic bone (Angulus subpubicus).
  
  
 
===Acetabulum===
 
===Acetabulum===
  
Beim Acetabulum handelt es sich um die Gelenkpfanne für das Hüftgelenk. Es hat eine napf-ähnliche Form und befindet sich im lateralen Beckenbereich. Durch die Bildung aus dem Os ilium, dem Os ischii und dem Os pubis weist das Acetabulum eine Y-förmige Knochenfuge auf. Die Knochenkante, die das Acetabulum umschließt, wird Limbus acetabuli genannt. Diese ist am distalen Rand durch die Incisura acetabuli unterbrochen. In der Gelenkpfanne selber zeigt sich eine flache Vertiefung, die Fossa acetabuli. Die umgebende Gelenkfläche hat eine halbmond-ähnliche Form und wird als Facies lunata acetabuli bezeichnet.
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The acetabulum is the socket for the hip joint. It has a cup-like shape and is located in the lateral pelvic area. Due to the formation from the os ilium, the os ischii and the os pubis, the acetabulum has a Y-shaped bone joint. The bone edge that surrounds the acetabulum is called limbus acetabuli. It is interrupted at the distal edge by the incisura acetabuli. In the socket itself there is a shallow depression, the fossa acetabuli. The surrounding joint surface has a crescent-like shape and is called facies lunata acetabuli.
  
  
==Entwicklung==
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==Development==
  
Das Hüftbein entwickelt sich in drei Abschnitten während der Embryonalmonate. Das Os ilium wird im dritten Fetalmonat angelegt. Das Os ischii folgt im vierten und fünften Fetalmonat. Als letztes entwickelt sich das Os pubis im fünften und sechsten Fetalmonat. Die Teile des Hüftbeins verschmelzen zwischen dem fünften und siebten Lebensjahr. Direkt im Acetabulum findet dies erst deutlich später statt. Die dortige Y-Fuge schließt sich erst mit 15 oder 16 Jahren.
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The hip bone develops in three stages during the embryonic months. The os ilium is created in the third fetal month. The os ischii follows in the fourth and fifth fetal month. The os pubis develops last in the fifth and sixth fetal month. The parts of the hip bone fuse together between the fifth and seventh year of life. Directly in the acetabulum this takes place much later. The Y-fugue there does not close until the age of 15 or 16.
  
  
==Freie Exploration==
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==Free exploration==
  
<div style="float:left;margin-right:1em;"><segmenter-embedding wsemb_id="OsCoxaeFrau" src="segmenter:MMrvDoFL9ZRM" height="300px" width="500px"/></div>
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<div style="float:left;margin-right:1em;"><segmenter-embedding public wsemb-id="OsCoxaeFrau" file="OsCoxaeFrau.seg" height="300" width="400"/></div>
  
<div style="float:left;width:50%">Schauen Sie sich die Struktur des Hüftbeins in 3D an und explorieren Sie es frei. Danach können Sie Ihr erlerntes Wissen durch die Übungsaufgaben überprüfen.</div>
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<div style="float:left;width:50%">Look at the structure of the hip bone in 3D and explore it freely. Afterwards you can check your acquired knowledge by the exercises.</div>
 
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Aktuelle Version vom 16. Februar 2022, 10:58 Uhr

The hip bone (Os coxae) is part of the pelvic girdle. It can be anatomically divided into three individual bones: the ilium (Os ilium), the ischium (Os ischii) and the pubic bone (Os pubis). There are clear gender-specific differences in the hip bone.



Anatomy

Views of the hip bone


Anatomy of the hip bone

The hip bone is divided into three individual bone sections: the ilium (Os ilium), the ischium (Os ischii) and the pubic bone (Os pubis). These three form the Y-shaped bone joint of the hip bone. At the hip bone is the acetabulum, the socket of the hip joint. The right and left hip bone meet at the front. There the pubic symphysis (symphysis pubica) is formed.


Ilium

The ilium, or os ilium, represents the largest part of the hip bone and is located cranially. It is divided into iliac scoop (Ala ossis ilii) and iliac body (Corpus ossis ilii). These two parts are divided by the linea arcuata. The iliac crest has an outer surface, the facies glutealis, and an inner surface, the facies interna. The cranial edge of the ilium is exposed and is called the crista iliaca. This structure extends from the upper, front iliac spine (Spina iliaca anterior superior) to the upper, rear iliac spine (Spina iliaca posterior superior). At the rear edge of the iliac spine there is another bony protrusion, the spina iliaca posterior inferior. This lies below the spina iliaca posterior superior. At the anterior edge of the iliac crest there is also a further bony projection (spina iliaca anterior inferior). This is located below the spina iliaca anterior superior. The ilium forms the cranial part of the acetabulum.


Ischium

The ischium (Os ischii) is divided into ischial branch (Ramus ossis ischii) and ischial body (Corpus ossis ischii). The ischial branch represents part of the boundary of the foramen obturatum. On the posterior side of the ischial branch there is a larger ischial tuberosity, the tuber ischiadicum. The ischial spine (spina ischiadica) is located on the ischial body. It separates the incisura ischiadica major and the incisura ischiadica minor.


Pubic bone

The pubic bone, also called os pubis, is divided into the body of the pubic bone (Corpus ossis pubis) and the upper and lower pubic branch (Rami superius and inferius). The pubic bone branches limit the foramen obturatum ventrally and caudally. The upper pubic branch is involved in the formation of the acetabulum. The two branches of the pubic bone include the angle of the pubic bone (Angulus subpubicus).


Acetabulum

The acetabulum is the socket for the hip joint. It has a cup-like shape and is located in the lateral pelvic area. Due to the formation from the os ilium, the os ischii and the os pubis, the acetabulum has a Y-shaped bone joint. The bone edge that surrounds the acetabulum is called limbus acetabuli. It is interrupted at the distal edge by the incisura acetabuli. In the socket itself there is a shallow depression, the fossa acetabuli. The surrounding joint surface has a crescent-like shape and is called facies lunata acetabuli.


Development

The hip bone develops in three stages during the embryonic months. The os ilium is created in the third fetal month. The os ischii follows in the fourth and fifth fetal month. The os pubis develops last in the fifth and sixth fetal month. The parts of the hip bone fuse together between the fifth and seventh year of life. Directly in the acetabulum this takes place much later. The Y-fugue there does not close until the age of 15 or 16.


Free exploration

Look at the structure of the hip bone in 3D and explore it freely. Afterwards you can check your acquired knowledge by the exercises.


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