Clavicle
Inhaltsverzeichnis
Overview
The clavicle (lat. Clavicula) is a pairwise tubular bone. It has an "s"-shaped bend and is located in the shoulder girdle. It is the only direct connection between the free upper extremity and the trunk.
Anatomy
The clavicle is located in the shoulder girdle and thus at the front of the torso. Medially it is limited by the Sternum and laterally by the Arcomion of the shoulder blade. The connection to the sternum is the only direct link between the free upper extremity and the trunk.
The clavicle is a tubular bone bent into an "S" shape. From cranial view the medial end shows a ventral convexity. This convexity takes up about 2/3 of the length of the entire bone. The lateral side, in contrast, shows a ventral concavity. In an adult, the clavicle is 12-15 cm long and can be palpated over its entire length.
The thickened sternal end of the clavicle is called Extremitas sternalis. This name is due to its location adjacent to the sternum. On this side of the clavicle a saddle-shaped, three-sided articular surface is formed, which is covered with the Facies articularis sternalis. The lateral side of the clavicle is called Extremitas acromialis due to its connection to the acromion of the scapula. There is a rather plate, vertically oriented surface. This is almost oval and covered with the Facies articularis acrommialis. The area of the collarbone between the two ends is called Corpus claviculae.
If one looks at the clavicle from caudal, further structures become apparent. On the acromial side a bony elevation is pronounced, the tuberculum conoideum. This is also visible from the cranial view. Lateral to it is the linea trapezoides from the caudal side. From caudal view the corpus claviculae is characterized by an elongated depression called sulcus musculi subclavia. From the caudal side a depression appears at the sternal extremity, called impressio ligamenti costoclavicularis.
Joints
The collarbone is connected to the sternum via the sternoclavicular joint. This connects the following bony structures: Extremitas sternalis and Manubrium sterni.
The clavicle and the scapula articulate via the acromioclavicular joint. This connects the extremitas acromialis and the acromion of the scapula.
Entwicklung
Die Clavicula wird in der embrionalen Entwicklung aus einer bindegewebigen Grundlage entwickelt. Somit stellt sie den einzigen Knochen in einer Extremität dar, der nicht durch einen Knorpel vorgeformt wird. Das Schlüsslbein ist allerdings einer der knochen, die sich am frühsten entwickeln. So verknöchert ihre Diaphyse schon in der Embryonalwoche sechs bis sieben. Bei den Epyphysen ist erst im Alter von 16 bis 18 Jahren ein verknöcherter Kern nachzuweisen. Die hier befindelichen Epiphysenfugen verschließen sich erst mit 20 bis 25 Lebensjahren. Sie sind damit die Fugen, die sich im menschlichen Körper als letzte verschließen.
Erkrankungen
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